Georgia SKUA ID

 

06/23/07

 

 

Georgia SKUA Identification Page - South Polar Skua

Unauthorized use or reproduction of any images strictly prohibited with out consent of the owner
Bob and Deb Zaremba; contact us at bobzarem@bellsouth.net

June 12, 2007 - Incredible as it seemed, Joshua Spence reported finding a SOUTH POLAR SKUA at Carter's Lake this afternoon.  Deb and I left Marietta around 4PM and met Chuck Saleeby, Pierre Howard, Cheryl Kanes,  Bill Lotz, Mark Davis, Sterling Blanchard and Dan Vickers at the boat ramp near the marina at Carter's Lake.  When Deb and I arrived, the group had already seen the bird and were pointing out over the trees as we made our way to the shoreline.   We got a distant look at a large dark bird soaring away from us in to the sunset!   I was not a happy camper!  Luckily,  the bird turned and worked it's way back towards us, at one point passing directly over us.   The bird stayed in the area for about an hour, dropping occasionally on to the water and then getting up and flying again.  I was able to take some distant shots of the bird through my scope for ID purposes, although others were able to capture better  images of the bird.  The identification challenge now is to definitively determine whether this is a South Polar Skua or another of the Catharacta skuas.

Apparently, the bird has been on the lake for several days before Josh's report.  Bill Groce shared the following information on the bird:  "While there (the marina)  the managers, Denise and Dermott Kiely came out to see what I was doing and look through the scope. Dermott said the bird had been there for several days. He first noticed it as a dark spot on the lake that did not move for a long time. He thought it was trash and went out to clear it and saw it was a bird he did not recognize. He came back for his camera and went back for a picture. He has a good close up of the bird on the water"

Their web site states that the bird was first seen on Sunday, June 10th.  Here is a link to their site and the picture taken of the bird on the water;  http://www.carterslake.com/

New photos of the bird;

Several birders rented a pontoon boat and we were able to float fairly close to the bird while it ate a fish.  Here are several images I took on June 23, 2007.

Russell Wright provided this great view of the bird from 6/14 as well;

James Peters from Tennessee viewed the bird on 6/14 and was able to get a great close up photo;

Earl Horn provided these shots from 6/13;

 

 Here are a collection of images from several of the birders who observed the bird 6/12;

Chuck Saleeby:

 

Pierre Howard:

Dan Vickers:

Here are some through my scope;

 

The consensus thus far is that this is a South Polar Skua.  The mostly likely vagrant skua off shore at this time of year.  The plumage differences between Great Skua and South Polar seem to eliminate Great Skua as a possibility since they would be muck darker and more mottled than the Carter's Lake bird.   The paler hindneck can be seen in serveral photos above, leading to the identification of South Polar as well.   The other south american skuas may be more difficult to rule out, especially with no experience with those species.  The gray tones on the body and shape/size of the bill and overall size (Brown is closer to Great Skua in size)  seem to rule out Brown Skua.   Of course, all of these are very variable and can over lap some times.  

I have include some of the current discussion point from some of the birders who have viewed the birds and photos;

Steve Barlow wrote: "Some of the pictures are consistent with my impression in the field (when the bird had the sun on it) that the head and body of the Carters Lake bird seemed paler than the wings and mantle. I've always thought this was a characteristic unique to South Polar Skuas.

I have seen a lot of Great Skuas and this bird looks wrong in colour (no gingery tones) and pattern (rather uniform, not "speckled"). I have very limited experience of "Subantarctics" Skua (= Brown?, can't remember the status of the taxonomic shenanigans with these offhand); however, the ones I've seen were dark chocolate colour without the head/body vs. wings/mantle contrast evident for this bird."  and

"Looked at a few field guides for Africa, Australia, Indian subcontient that include southern ocean seabirds last night All three include both "Brown" (under various names with it lumped as "Great" in the Aus book, but with lonbergi, one of the southern races, clearly meant) and South Polar Skuas, with Great "proper" also included in the Africa book. All agree that contrast between paler head/body and dark wings is something distinguishing South Polar Skua from Brown. Pale greyish feathering at the base of the bill is also referred to in one of the books. This seems to be visible in Chuck Saleeby's flight shots and Dan's perched shot.

Ian Sinclair's African book suggests that S P Skua sits higher in the water than other Skuas. Haven't had a chance to compare photos on the internet to see if this is at all useful. His book also refers to differences in build, with S P being suggested to be more lightly built, specifically more Pomarine Jaeger-like, than other Skuas. In the field this was not apparent to me, but then any Skua in isolation looks pretty massive. From the pictures I can convince myself it's less bulky than a Great (and therefore also presumably less so than a Brown)."

Earl Horn's comments:  "With my limited experience I believe it is a South Polar Skua based on the hooded effect of the head, the lighter coloration of the nape and neck, and the strong contrast of the lighter under parts compared to the darker upperparts.

The head looked to be almost a golden brown, a little darker than the nape and neck, with a dark blotch behind the eye. The bill looked to be all one color and ranged from black to gray depending on how the sun hit it.

The back and upper wings were dark brown with the strong white flash of the primary wing coverts and white primary shafts. There was some slight mottling on the back. The under wing had a contrasting pattern of dark lesser and median coverts with lighter greater coverts and flight feathers, with a strong white flash of the primaries extending beyond the coverts. The darker coverts also were in strong contrast to the under parts of the body which looked uniformly pale light brown/tan from the neck through the belly with the undertail coverts a little darker. I saw no barring in the undertail and the tail was dark, short and rounded.

Here's my thinking on eliminating other close species:

I don't think it is any of the three jaegers based on the apparent greater size and chunkiness of this bird. There were no birds with it for a direct comparison, however there were plenty of crows of both species flying around and it was obvious that this bird was much bigger than them. The white flash on the upper wing was more extensive than on the jaegers and there was no barring on the upper or under tail coverts. I could be wrong but the dark adult Pomarine Jaeger is the only one that has a plumage without any barring in the undertail, but besides the obvious lack of extended tail feathers in an adult it is also fairly uniformly dark brown everywhere unlike this bird.

Chilean Skua I would eliminate based on the coloration of the under parts which are reddish brown in the body and under wing coverts. It also has a cap rather than a hooded look and a bi-colored bill.

Great Skua I would also eliminate on coloration. It also should be more red brown darker overall and should have a lot of mottling on the upper body with the head having a capped appearance. In lighter worn versions the mottling would be even greater.

Brown/Antarctic Skua I would eliminate based on the lack of or minimal contrast of the darker upper parts with the just slightly lighter under parts. This skua is also much darker overall than the South Polar Skua.

I know there are a lot of variations in the various skuas and I have made this elimination seem simpler than it really is, but I tried to cover some of the main points that I have been able to glean from the various books I have which include:

The Sibley Guide to Birds; David Sibley

Skuas and Jaegers; Olsen and Larsen

Seabirds of the World, A photographic Guide; Harrison Seabirds of the World, An Identification Guide; Harrison"

Jim McDermott wrote: "While sitting, the entire head, neck, breast and flanks are a lighter mottled shade of gray brown. The back and wings are gray brown. The undertail coverts are dark. There was no buff, cinnamon, or rust coloration on the back, wings, or wing linings.

The lighter brownish gray coloration on the nape, down the sides of neck and in front of shoulder gives a "saddle" area contrasting with the darker back. The back of the head has a light barring pattern. No indication of a crown cap. The bill is dark, the top of the upper mandible appears lighter. There is a small white area at the base of the upper mandible."

 

I have included links to some identification help on the Web below;

David Sibley reference:

Separation of South Polar Skua from dark Pomarine Jaeger

Surfbird reference on plumage and molt:

Ageing and moult in Catharacta skuas - surfbirds.com

Jeff Wilson's Tennessee sighting of skua following Katrina:

Katrina's - South Polar Skua - Tennessee? Photo Gallery by Jeff Wilson at pbase.com

 

Unauthorized use of these images is prohibited.

 

Birding Kennesaw Mountain   Georgia Birding   Trip Reports

This site was last updated 06/23/07